West Side Story And Romeo And Juliet Film Studies Essay

West Side Story And Romeo And Juliet Film Studies Essay West Side Story is an American melodic composed by Arthur Laurents, music by Leonard Bernstein, verses by Stephen Sondheim, and movement by Jerome Robbins. It is supposed to be a version of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. West Side Story and Romeo and Juliet have various likenesses and contrasts from numerous points of view. The play, Romeo and Juliet, is set in Verona in about 1594.â interestingly, West Side Story happens in New York City in 1957.â Most of the characters in West Side Story can be viewed as a modernized adaptation of numerous characters in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. Tony can be viewed as Romeo, Maria as Juliet, The Jets as Montagues, The Sharks as Capulets, Anita as the Nurse, Riff as Mercutio, Bernardo as Tybalt, Doc as both Friar Laurence and Balthasar, Chino as Paris, The Police as Prince, Anybodys and Baby John as Benvolio. Numerous scenes in West Side Story and Romeo and Juliet have close equals association. The encounter between the posses toward the sta rt of West Side Story can be viewed as a corresponding to the third polite fight scene in Romeo and Juliet, move at the rec center as gathering at the Capulet house, emergency exit scene as overhang scene, mock wedding at the marriage shop as wedding at Friar Laurences cell, thunder underneath the extension as duels between Mercutio, Tybalt and Romeo, and Anitas mock assault scene as attendant relinquishes Juliet by encouraging her to wed Paris. Notwithstanding the comparative association between the characters and the scene, the subject of male rule male centric culture gives off an impression of being one of the significant topic all through the two plays. Romeo and Juliet has been censured by numerous pundits as having solid sexual orientation jobs. As per an article composed by Professor Jeanne Gerlach, Professor Rudolph Almasy, and Professor Rebecca Daniel, the men are relied upon to convey themselves with respect and pride. Anything the man or the leader of the family needed would be kicked off when he wrapped up the words. Conversely, a womans commonplace job and normal for that timespan was feeble, docile, continually holding her words when it came to dynamic, and be submission to the spouse and father. Toward the start of Romeo and Juliet when one of the Capulets hirelings, Sampson stated, And in this manner ladies, being the more fragile vessels, are ever pushed to the divider; along these lines I will push Montagues men from the divider, and push his house cleaners to the wall.(I, 1, 15) These words from Sampson is further strengthening a run of the mill cliché Renaissance thinking which proposes that ladies are more vulnerable in genuinely, inwardly, mentally and ethically in nature and they exist for male sexual delight as it were. Comparative, such intuition on lady can likewise be found at an equal scene in West Side Story during the encounter between the Jets and Sharks toward the start. After the character, Anybody, express her enthusiasm for joining the posse and that she could battle as great and solid as the men does to Riff, one of the Jets wannabes begin ridiculing her explicitly or derides her nuisance at that point Riff sends her away by advising her to beat it. Suc h activity done by the Jets likewise further strengthening the cliché thinking and imbalance between the man and the lady. Another case of how Romeo and Juliet and West Side Story further strengthening sexual orientations jobs inside the male overwhelm society can be found in the thunder between the Sharks and the Jets underneath the scaffold scene. After the Rumble, Anybodys treat to go about as Tony㠢â‚ ¬Ã¥ ¸s informal defender. Despite the fact that she was not truly present during the thunder between the Sharks and the Jets, she is by all accounts prowling in and out from shadow and possibly show up as the most valuable individual or apparatus when the man, Tony in the scene, in pressing need of her to help salvage him from the police after the various Jets fled the scene without him. Truth be told, she will not leave without him by over and over yelling Come on, Tony! until he escapes with her. Such activity perform by Anybody could be viewed as a fortification on sexual orientation jobs. A lady, the spouse or girl, ought to stay steadfast and submission to the man, husband or father, regardles s of whether every other person are not doing likewise. Such devotion that the general public is looking for the lady ought to have likewise showed up in the scene where Juliet learns the news that Romeo has slaughtered her cousin from the medical attendant. Medical caretaker: Will you praise him that killd your cousin Juliet: Shall I tear down him that is my significant other? Ok, poor my ruler, what tongue will smooth thy name when I, thy three-hour spouse, have damaged it? (III, 2, 105) Juliet is demonstrating her steadfastness to her better half, Romeo, in any event, when the medical caretaker is censuring Romeo for Tybalts demise. Taking everything into account, both Romeo and Juliet and West Side Story both strengthening that the womans average job and normal for that timespan was powerless, compliant, continually holding her words when it came to dynamic, and be dutifulness to the spouse and father. Interestingly, a keeps an eye on run of the mill jobs and trademark ought to be manly and amazing and expected to convey themselves with respect and pride. In Romeo and Julie, Mercutio and Tybalts passing were a consequence of a man safeguarding the keeps an eye on pride and respect. The demise of Bernardo in West Side Story was likewise an aftereffect of the men protecting the mens respect and pride. We can see these qualities that the general public put on us being utilized in both Romeo and Juliet and West Side Story.

Introduction to the internet and e-business Assignment

Prologue to the web and e-business - Assignment Example The exchange is finished when commission is isolated between both home specialists as a result of being a piece of an exchange. Answer 2 Home Choice will profit by having its own site in light of the fact that those clients, who couldn't travel and approach Home Choice at its workplaces, will straightforwardly sign onto its site and present their purchasing or selling offer. For example, all gatherings and customers could be educated about accessible property units in various regions through programmed email age process; along these lines upgrading correspondence and business contacts with clients. Additionally, Home Choice will get a serious edge since it could lessen by shutting some cash losing workplaces in costly London city. Answer 3 An e-business is a plan of action that empowers the associations, end-clients and governments to work together through utilizing innovation and utilizing the Internet and highlights of World Wide Web (the Web) to finish exchanges (Roberts, 2004). A nswer 4 Internet empowers organizations and customers continuously collaboration and correspondence through email, videoconferencing, remotely coordinating, visit and so on. For sure, these referenced alternatives are very fitting for moving messages over the web, in this manner empowering correspondence at an exceptionally minimal effort. For example, the utilization of Skype has additionally encouraged this message move from sender to beneficiary and criticism from beneficiary to sender. Answer 5 The fundamental highlights of Hyper Text Markup Language remember help for sight and sound items, scripting, foundation shading, marquee, labels, templates, hyperlinks, tables and format, structures and math and so forth. As such, most recent variants of HTML likewise incorporate the new highlights that are as yet not totally investigated. Answer 6 A web is a system of systems through which end-clients could associate with outer world systems and individuals. Web has, all things considere d, diminished limits among countries as individuals across USA could contact through a tick to clients 7,000 miles away in sub-landmass. Despite what might be expected, Intranet is an inside system that is utilized by associations/organizations to empowers its representatives to move and offer data inside the premises. While, extranet are additionally utilized by associations to connect holes between/among their inside and outside clients. For instance, workers could share a company’s a few (not all) inside data through extranet with their customers, providers, accomplices and so forth. Answer 7 First of all, Home Choice needs to create/plan a site with the goal that it could give accessible purchasing and selling property units. Next, Home Choice needs to actualize an online buy/deals framework in which the administrator will assume the job of arbitrator. This would empower gatherings to impart when they could approach company’s office for legitimate visit to property unit and dealings. Offers could likewise be submitted online in the event that eye to eye bargain is beyond the realm of imagination because of separation and time requirements. Answer 8 E-business is really an alternate plan of action since it gives the advantage of online exchanges without heading out by and by to shops, workplaces and showrooms. The model is demonstrated fruitful when an organization has built up its brands and when it offers top quality brands at supported costs with magnificent deals administration. Circuit City, a US based store which is presently totally online based, is one of the significant models. Nonetheless, the model doesn't demonstrated fruitful if

Architecture Design Project for Housing Studies- myassignmenthelp

Question: Talk about theArchitecture Design Project for Housing Studies. Answer: A communitys presence of a market makes it workable for organizations to be led. Commercial centers exist do to accessibility of points of interest that could be sold in the geographic evaluations and the accessible kind of clients or organizations that are to be focused on. Night precipice has a market set up in this way demonstrating there is a current objective clients who are effectively accessible and simple to reach. Indeed, even with the current attractiveness of the Nightcliff town, the commercial centers can't do organizations with everyone in case they lead to fatigue of assets or disarray of customers(Clement L. , 2005). Nightcliff advertise patterns towards littler specialties henceforth its attractiveness. Nightcliff attractiveness is because of the objective explicit in specialties, not simply young people or some other gathering. It further incorporates points of interest, for example, high school guys or rich young guys. The concentration in Nightcliff town explains w hat is being sold in the business. Little is gigantic and Nightcliff makes its prevalence in making a market exist in its encompassing, putting down the accomplishments in showcasing ventures and this technique comes with the promoting style and example that settle its problems(Clement, 2005). A presence of a market in Nightcliff has placed in effective organizations because of the towns depiction of the perspective of the clients that come around. Significant worries of these imminent clients are in this manner met in Nightcliff by the recognizable proof of the needs and needs of clients. Making the move of building a market in Nightcliff produces a blended belief system in demographic adjusting henceforth making a far various quality. Cullen Bay having not dispensed a market around makes it not advantage as Nightcliff in the market business. In this way, the town has poor customer base when contrasted with Nightcliff(Manzo, 2003). Schools can be compelling in towns consistency and decent variety. Cullen Bay town that has a school in it as well as various schools, profits by ceaseless inflow and surge of individuals. Schools lead to the visit of understudies, numerous understudies since there are various schools. The town therefor can wash in the steady groups from different working callings and different understudies. Another design advantage that accompanies working of schools is the lessening of vehicles. Schools that exist in towns profit by open vehicle that have been assembled, capacity and administration well. Open transportation, for example, transports are available in Cullen Bay in this way decreasing the traffic in the avenues. With the decrease in rush hour gridlock comes simpler and quicker transportation over the town. Other than the referenced advantages in Cullen narrows, the bought in methods for transport is far less expensive than utilization of individual vehicles. Indeed, even a portion of the schools assign goes to transportation by open methods. Prominently, Cullen Bay has less number of individual vehicles henceforth it results to better climate. There is decreased contamination in the city causing the earth be and to feel new. The absence of schools in Nightcliff implies absence of the referenced befits that flood in Cullen Bay. More to this is Nightcliff does not have the immense assorted variety that is available in Cullen Bay. With assorted variety comes various important minutes. Near bluff accordingly passes up such noteworthy minutes that can be found in Cullen Bay(Healy). Way of life designs for the most part rely on the current exercises in a town. Taking the case of various exercises in Nightcliff, delineates a tremendous way of life in the town that influence the comprehension of the world. A presence of more exercises portrays more examination and investigation of the environmental factors of the town(Dovey, Dreams in plain view rural philosophy in the Model Home, 1994). Nightcliff town bolsters and energizes exercises in its locale and this feeds back the towns development, exercises educated and achievement being developed. These exercises come because of the help of the town to give devices and opportunity required in development by introduction to its wide condition comprising of plants, individuals and creatures. Exercises in Nightcliff town realizes regard and collaboration. More exercises mean more work cooperation in the different fields of town advancement. Nightcliff along these lines is created in its cultivating of innovativeness. At t he point when a town explores, creates and executes on assigning exercises that should be possible in it, it contributes on a heap of techniques that build up its social, monetary and political ways. More to this is the chance of contributing on an alternate field other than scholastics. Inhabitants who have bombed in scholastics participate around exercises that rewards and empowers enterprise. Cullen Bay makes it progressively hard for other improvement that are impacted by exercises because of its less help and consolation of exercises being led in it. Additionally, the quality of less exercises implies decreased wellbeing in its occupants because of diminished physical exercises(Fry Sellbach, 2008). Building style and type brings into account the development of one story structures in Nigh Cliff, gets the huge portion of in disengaged lodging in the town. The observer of such one story building is a key in sorting of the towns demography. The vast majority of the families favoring one story building s are the as of late developing families that have youthful and as yet developing youngsters subsequently the decision in structures. One story structures impart a feeling of security and space in lodging building plans. Such lodging structures increment with the expanding of developing families in the town. Night Cliff town comes up short on the urbanized view as in the Cullen Bay. Night Cliff has the rural landscape that is supported by diminishing correspondence cost despite the fact that there are benefits that are there in thickly stuffed or tall structures that are in Cullen Bay. One story incorporating result with separation of lodging. That surface because of complex social i ssues or the absence of chances in security for the advancement of property. Consequently Night Cliff favors singular family advancement instead of Cullen Bay. Advantages are there in the two fronts since Cullen Bay town is good fro organization improvement that require pressed advancement in there framework. Likewise, tall structures offer stupendous landscape in their skyscraping highlights. High rises have the component of interest in new design innovations dissimilar to one story structures that generally have late advancements do to their effortlessness in development(Dowling Mee, 161-165). The air and feel in the travel industry can be figured out how to being gainful instead of disadvantageous to its encompassing. Most towns will in general make the negative impacts less with the goal that the impact is nit felt on the host town and its condition on the off chance that it exceeds the advantages it has financially(Walsh, 2005). The travel industry in Cullen Bay because of the ecological set up for get-aways from the bustling working towns, for example, Night Cliff prompts production of employments. Employments can be made legitimately in the travel industry speculation or by means of aberrant methods in the retails or transport parts. Towns, for example, Cullen Bay experience the multiplier impact because of the use of these approaching visitors. The travel industry creates incomes from the additional tax collection openings in the offices that harbor vacationer, for example, lodgings and air terminals. Socially, there is an improvement in recreation exercises in the t own. On the off chance that he travelers continue coming, the private networks endeavor to keep up their visitor pulling in highlights hence there is a safeguarded culture in the environmental factors. Societies in conventions, celebration and handiworks are endured in order to look after the travel industry. This produces trust in the towns metro pride along these lines keeping up such rural compositional plans in towns, for example, Cullen Bay. The inflow of vacationers is because of the interest of the decent variety in societies subsequently there will be cooperation and production of social understanding that raises worldwide awareness(Zora, 2008). The earth is additionally influenced since it is saved and this could prompt springing up of noteworthy structures. Other than the energy that travel industry brings, there are negative qualities that towns that have less visitor visiting escape. Frequencies of expanded natural contamination because of expanded sewage creation from t he additional populace. Towns that may rely upon the travel industry additionally may not develop because of the chance of fear mongering or catastrophic events in the zones of concern(Dovey, 1994). There the perceptible nearness of new houses in Cullen Bay town rather than Night Cliff town. Cullen Bay houses are built structure a portion of the ongoing compositional plans in order to fulfill the new creating guidelines that cause the town look and to feel new. New structures accompany better development material that are earth amicable and fit into the ongoing social and financial states in the community(Drew, 2009). Socially, new structures are built to have better tasteful qualities in their perspectives. Tasteful qualities come in deciding the shapes and mixing of the structures. A few structures are created to have compartments that can continue developing of plants. It is helpful and more secure to have new structures around rather than go-between structures that comprises of old and new technologies(Dovey Woodcock, Senses of urban Character, 2008). References Forebearing, L. (2005). From Prisons to penthouses; the chaging picture of skyscraper living in Melbourne. Lodging considers. Lenient, T. (2005). Rural Frontiers. design Australia, 60-63. Dovey, K. (1994). Dreams in plain view rural belief system in the Model Home. Carlton: Melborne University press. Dovey, K. (1994). Dreams on Display Suburban Ideology in the model Home. Mammoths of Surbabia , 127-147. Dovey, K., Woodcock, I. (2008). Faculties of urban Character. understanding spot, National Museum of Australia Press. Dowling, R., Mee, K. (161-165). Home and homemaking in Contemporary Australi

Asda and Tesco - Restructuring to reflect multichannel markets Assignment

Asda and Tesco - Restructuring to reflect multichannel markets - Assignment Example Thusly, the investigation has used diverse authority speculations to clarify the necessary qualities and aptitudes for the new administrative positions. The report depends on the investigation of the current rebuilding plans of Asda and Tesco, the two retail monsters of the UK. This report has likewise underlined on various hypotheses of administration rehearses in any business condition, to comprehend the pertinence of these speculations in the rebuilding plans of Asda and Tesco. Tesco Plc. is one of the main grocery store chains in the UK. Tesco has its stores in 12 nations worldwide and it by and large arrangements with food, books, garments, electronic contraptions and furniture. The organization is effectively rebuilding its multichannel advertise tasks over some stretch of time. In this procedure, they are redeploying close around 100 staffs to new position jobs. They are additionally making a few opening over the association. Their drive called â€Å"Building tomorrow’s Tesco† is centered around accomplishing the worldwide multichannel administration (Channel the board, 2014). Asda stores Ltd. is a famous name in the retail business of the UK. The association bargains in basic food item things, general product, garments and toys. Following the pattern of Tesco, Asda is likewise concentrating on a monstrous rebuilding of its multichannel business activities. They are making close around 5670 new jobs for different divisions of its multichannel tasks (Harrison, 2014). These rebuilding plans are greatly changing positions of authority and obligations of a few workers in these associations. The significance of various authority hypotheses on the accomplishment of the rebuilding plans of these associations have been depicted in this report. Administration in an association depicts the job where pioneers use the accessible asset and abilities of a group to achieve a shared objective. The

Free Essays on Siddartha

The Significance of the River in Siddhartha In the book Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse the noteworthiness of the stream is shown all through the encounters that Siddhartha has close to the waterway and the things that by tuning in to the sound he comes to comprehend. Siddhartha is taking in something from the second he rides the ship to when Govinda lays on the ground with tears streaming wildly. Siddhartha confesses to having no cash to pay for the journey, however the Ferryman says that fellowship is installment enough, and brings him into town. In the wake of leaving town, Siddhartha comes back to the stream where had met the Ferryman before. Charmed by the stream's magnificence and quiet knowledge, Siddhartha chooses to remain by the waterway. Siddhartha before long meets the Ferryman Vasuveda, a similar man who took him over the stream prior. Siddhartha offers to be Vasuveda's understudy, an offer that the Ferryman generous acknowledges. The two become together as Siddhartha learns the waterway's astuteness, and soon Siddhartha starts to copy Vasuveda's manner, communicating a mollified harmony in the daily practice of day by day life. A long time pass. At some point, the two Ferrymen hear that the Buddha is biting the dust. Kamala, on hearing the news too, heads out with her child to be close Goatama. As she goes close to the stream, she is chomped by a snake and bites the dust, however not before Vasuveda takes her to Siddhartha. After Kamala kicks the bucket, Siddhartha keeps his child with him by the stream. The kid, however, will not acknowledge Siddhartha as his dad and subsequently does nothing he is told. Numerous months pass, however the kid stays resolute. In the long run the kid flees. Vasuveda advises Siddhartha to release him, however Siddhartha tails him. After arriving at the town, Siddhartha reviews his own encounters there and admits to himself what he knew up and down, that he was unable to support the kid. Siddhartha feels an incredible distress at this misfortune, and the joy he had known as a Ferryman leaves him. Vasuveda soon... Free Essays on Siddartha Free Essays on Siddartha The Significance of the River in Siddhartha In the book Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse the centrality of the stream is shown all through the encounters that Siddhartha has close to the waterway and the things that by tuning in to the sound he comes to comprehend. Siddhartha is taking in something from the second he rides the ship to when Govinda lays on the ground with tears streaming wildly. Siddhartha confesses to having no cash to pay for the journey, yet the Ferryman says that kinship is installment enough, and brings him into town. In the wake of leaving town, Siddhartha comes back to the waterway where had met the Ferryman before. Interested by the waterway's excellence and quiet knowledge, Siddhartha chooses to remain by the stream. Siddhartha before long meets the Ferryman Vasuveda, a similar man who took him over the stream prior. Siddhartha offers to be Vasuveda's student, an offer that the Ferryman charitably acknowledges. The two become together as Siddhartha learns the stream's astuteness, and soon Siddhartha starts to imitate Vasuveda's mien, communicating a placated harmony in the everyday practice of day by day life. A long time pass. At some point, the two Ferrymen hear that the Buddha is kicking the bucket. Kamala, on hearing the news too, goes with her child to be close Goatama. As she goes close to the stream, she is nibbled by a snake and bites the du st, yet not before Vasuveda takes her to Siddhartha. After Kamala kicks the bucket, Siddhartha keeps his child with him by the waterway. The kid, however, won't acknowledge Siddhartha as his dad and thus does nothing he is told. Numerous months pass, however the kid stays tenacious. In the end the kid flees. Vasuveda advises Siddhartha to release him, yet Siddhartha tails him. After arriving at the town, Siddhartha reviews his own encounters there and admits to himself what he knew up and down, that he was unable to support the kid. Siddhartha feels an incredible distress at this misfortune, and the bliss he had known as a Ferryman leaves him. Vasuveda soon...

First Page Perfection

First Page Perfection This is a guest post from James Crossley.  He  has been a bookseller on the corporate internet and in real-life independent stores. He prefers the latter and also likes writing for the Message in a Bottle blog and the Northwest Book Lovers website. He is not on Twitter, but could be convinced to join. Hes easy that way. _________________________ Are you the type to fall in love at first sight? Im not, but I do it sometimes anyway. Mostly with books. What makes it happen? Well, shapely plots and well-fleshed characters can draw me in slowly, but its playful, expressive language that forges an instant connection. Like when I picked up a copy of Brian Doyles The Plover in a store the other day. I started leafing through it to see what it was about, read the first two paragraphs, and then stopped. Not to put it back, but to go find anything else I could that he had written. That brief exposure alone was enough to tell me that he and I were going to be spending an awful lot of time together. I brought home my pile of books, ran through the rest of The Plover, and kept going with the rest of his work. The spark we had most definitely turned into a flame. Not to say that everythings perfect between us. As charming as he is, as ingratiating and observant and celebratory of the vast diversity of life in all its wonderful and terrible aspects, he can be a little too relentless about it. The wit, the cute remarks, the sheer depth of feelingnow and again you want to ask him (politely) to just shut up. Not forever, but for a little while. Time apart is good in a relationship, I think, and only makes it stronger. Doyle and I arent done yet. Of course, not every book that hits my heart hard and fast becomes a longtime companion. Im thinking now of a whirlwind romance I had recently with Rooftoppers by Katherine Rundell. We met in the YA section, of all places, and I dont mind admitting that the cover, darker and moodier than most of the candy-colored stuff around it, was what first attracted me. I was truly smitten by the opening line, though: On the morning of its first birthday, a baby was found floating in a cello case in the middle of the English Channel. How do we know that its a special occasion for this anonymous orphaned infant with hair the color of lightning? Well, because of the red rosette pinned to her front, which read, 1! She is soon rescued by a scholar, and since it is a scholars job to notice things, he correctly points out that the child is either one year old or she has come first in a competition. I believe babies are rarely keen participants in competitive sport. Shall we therefore assume it is the former? Reader, I swooned and took Rooftoppers back to my place immediately. It didnt last, Im sorry to say. Rundells sparkling prose doesnt flag, but the plot peters out partway through and the whole thing comes to an abrupt and unsatisfying end. Ill always have fond feelings for it, though, and if Rundell and I run into each other again in the stacks Ill be happy to see her there and hear what she has to say. You never know, we may both have grown a little and pick up right where we left off. And even if we dont, I wont chalk up what went on between us as a failure. If nothing else, it served as a reminder that you never know where, when, or how a real literary relationship will start. As such, Im keeping my eyes open. Just now I spotted an elegant spine on the science shelf. It turned out to belong to a gorgeous little number called Things That Are, a collection of essays about the natural world by a debut author named Amy Leach. I opened it randomly, and the first thing I read was this: In the seventeenth century, his holiness the Pope adjudged beavers to be fish. I ask you, how can you not fall in love with that? Sign up to Unusual Suspects to receive news and recommendations for mystery/thriller readers. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Is Physician Assistant (PA) School Hard - The Physician Assistant Life

Is PA school hard? Here is a question I get asked all the time: Is PA school difficult? And the answer is... (click here)YES,PA School is Hard! Of course, in many ways, it is equally as rigorous as medical school. As students in the first year of our didactic portion (the book work period), we took many of our classes alongsidemedical students. Although, we were graded independently we were still required to maintain a very high score. Just one score below the required percentile landed you in remediation. Another was grounds for dismissal from the program. I saw this happen more than once. In fact, we lost four students in the first year from our already small class. This led to many long nights pondering my decision to attend PA school. The tests were extremely challenging, and the breadth of material was at times overwhelming. Once I received my National Health Service Corps scholarship I had another layer of stress: Failure meant a default on my loan with a requirement to repay3x the loan amount without a corresponding degree from PA school. Ouch! Sitting for exams with this knowledge hanging over my headwas sometimes unbearable. Beyond The Classroom Once you reach the clinical phase life can either be a joy or hell on earth. Here is an Example: I had the chance to study under the esteemed tutelage of Dr. Dick during my surgery rotation. He did everything in his power to live up to his name. His pet peeve was a shaky hand on the endoscopy camera (a task often given to students). One of my classmates passed out with said camera in hand in a last-ditch attempt to remove any shaking in her knees. Nothing like waking up on the ground of an operating room with a man by the name of Dr. Dick cursing you up a storm! Residents could be extremely warm and supportive or slave drivers. Days could be short and sweet, or long laborious hours or all-nighters. And yes, during your clinical's you still have to find time to study for exams. Because Your Brain Grows My 4-year-old daughter reminded me last week that when "I make a mistake my brain grows." I absolutely love this idea and I think it is true... Although this concept isdifficult to stomach in the field of medicine where mistakes can mean the difference between life and death. Thetruth: PA school makes your brain really grow. Despite the obvious stress, the challenges and the virtual high barwe all must clear.PA school will makea better version of yourself. Like all brain growth, it can be painful before it is rewarding. Looking back, I am so glad I pushed through the self-doubt, the mistakes, and the difficulties. The process is at times arduous but if you love medicine, science, puzzles and people, the path is one of total joy and fulfillment. You may also like -Physician Assistant School and Program Directory eBook Are you Looking for a good end of the summer read? I am so happy to offer my newly compiled PA Programs eBook to you for FREE. The Physician Assistant School and Program Directory is a complete list of every accredited Physician []The Globalization of Physician Assistants As of 2019, the adoption of PAs has spread globally across a variety of health systems and at least fifteen countries have been in various stages of expansion of PA-like medical workers (nonphysician clinicians) that function under the []The Power of Picmonics Plus Get 20% OFF! Lets start with a simple question You'restudying for your PANCE exam, and you need to memorize 1000's of clinical pearls from 467 topics covering 13 content blueprint organ systems, the culmination of two years of hard work and []

Alzheimer s Disease And Its Effects On Society - 1009 Words

Alzheimer’s disease, also known as AD is often insidious on set, it can take months up to years to go from a mild to severe impairment. (Mayeux, 2010) The disease is irreversible and has no cure. â€Å"The disease affects 500,000 Canadians, 71,000 of those are under the age of 65† (VanDenBroek, 2013). AD affects the person by impacting their neurological function, their cognition and their behaviour. Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, it affects two pathological hallmarks: amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. â€Å"Amyloid plaques are caused when protein pieces called beta amyloid stick together, they eventually build up between the nerve cells into plaques.† (Ballard, 2011) Amyloid plaques trigger neurological dysfunction and eventually brain death. Compared to a healthy brain the amyloid is broken down and disposed, however in AD they collect and form hard plaques. â€Å"Once brain death happens there is no way for the brain to communicate, or restore memory† (Brightfocus.org, 2014). Neurofibrillary tangles are fibers found in the brain cells, and they have a primary protein called ‘tau’ which aids in the structure called microtubule. â€Å"Microtubules help move nutrients and other factors from one cell to another with Alzheimer’ the ‘tau’ protein is abnormal and the microtubule structure collapses.† (Ballard, 2014 Brightfocus.org, 2014) Even though we often see the effects of AD on the outside; it is a neurodegenerative disease effecting the amyloid plaques andShow MoreRelatedSymptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment And Social / Economic Importance Of Alzheimer s Disease1380 Words   |  6 PagesAlzheimer’s disease A disease is a medical condition that affects a living organism either physically, mentally or emotionally. It is basically a condition involving a pathological process along with a set of various symptoms; some easily noticeable whereas others quite difficult to detect, making their treatment process slower. (Healio.com, 2012) Nevertheless, the social and economic impacts followed by the diagnosis of the disease are generally quite drastic. Among the various types of diseases, certainRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Normal Part Of Aging And That It Isn t Fatal1315 Words   |  6 Pages ii. Research shows that Alzheimer’s disease causes changes in the brain for decades prior to the first symptoms become visible, so even people who seem free of the disease today might be at risk. iii. Alzheimer s disease has no survivors. It s a disease that destroys your brain cells and causes it to malfunction, change memory, which results in unpredictable behaviors and loss of body functions. It gradually and agonizingly takes away a person s characteristics, ability to bond withRead MoreThe Effect Of Exercise On The Cognitive Function Of Alzheimer s Patients1628 Words   |  7 PagesThe effect of exercise therapy on the cognitive function of Alzheimer s patients The aim of this paper is to analyse two trials that investigated whether physical exercise could be used to improve cognitive function in female Alzheimer s sufferers by evaluating the effect of aerobic exercise in the treatment of cognitive decline in female Alzheimer s patients. Papers appraised in this synopsis: Carla M.C. Nasimento, Camila V. L. Teixeira, Lilian T. B. Gobbi, Sebastiao Gobbi, (2012). A controlledRead MoreInfluence Of Mental Health And Families, Friends, And Other Close Personal Relationships1585 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestigation the influence of mental health and families, friends, and other close personal relationships, specifically Alzheimer s disease. Alzheimer s Disease is a progressive form of dementia, that damages the brain in all areas of the brain, but affects the hippocampus essential to memory and learning. Atrophy: genders global dysfunction progression corresponds with symptoms of the disease memory, mood, language, and recognition to daily tasks. Negative stigma surrounding mental illnesses, and misconceptionsRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Alzheimer s Disease1176 Words   |  5 PagesLong Term Effects of Alzheimer’s Disease? A Review of the Literature Dementia, defined by the Alzheimer’s Association, is the overall term for diseases and conditions characterized by a decline in memory or other thinking skills that affects a person’s ability to perform everyday activities. More than 250,000 Americans will develop dementia (including Alzheimer s) when they are sixty-five or older and at eighty-five the risk of developing Alzheimer’s is fifty percent. Since this disease was foundRead MoreAlzheimer s Research Paper : Alzheimer And Its Symptoms1703 Words   |  7 Pagesof Alzheimer’s, they are all so different and yet so similar. Many people have a false recollection of Alzheimer’s disease and its symptoms. Many believe that people only get Alzheimer’s as a result of aging. Alzheimer’s disease is not a disease that happens because the human body gets worn down, but because of a change occurring in the human brain. Alzheimer’s is a serious disease that needs to to be acknowled ged not just by the the elderly, but by everyone. Alzheimer’s has become the mostRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Progressive Disease925 Words   |  4 PagesAlzheimer s disease is a progressive disease that destroys memory and other vital mental functions. Alzheimer s disease is the most common cause of dementia, a group of brain disorders that cause the loss of intellectual and social skills. AD can eventually render a person unable to function in society and to even care for themselves. Since the disease is the 6th leading cause of death in the United States constant research is being done to try to prevent it and to find a cure. Alzheimer s diseaseRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Type Of Dementia1154 Words   |  5 Pages Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia that causes problems with your memory and behavior. Dementia is a term for the severe loss of mental ability that it interferes with your daily life. This is caused by damage to the brain cells. Alzheimer s disease is the most common type of dementia an d is characterized by gradual declines mental abilities (Journal of Clinical Diagnostic Research, 2016). The disease slowly attacks nerve cells in all parts of the brain and some surrounding structuresRead MoreEffects Of Alzheimer s Disease : Description Of The Disease1572 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Alzheimer’s disease Description of the Disease Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder which attacks brain cells and neurons. This disease results in loss of memory, lower thinking capacity, loss of coordination and poor language skills. Alzheimer disease is majorly caused by brain cell death where neurons producing acetylcholine or neurotransmitters breaks connections with other nerve cell resulting to inflammation in the brain system connection (Munoz Feldman, 2012). WhenRead MoreAlzheimer s And Depression Effects Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Alzheimer and depression effects an individuals’ occupations, independence and self worth, this will be the aim and focus of the following discussion. This discussion will explore the functions and disability of this scenario which includes, the primary body systems involved in Alzheimer s and depression including the structure’s and function’s. Then, how Lee’s (2003) occupations across the three areas of productivity, self care and leisure are affected. Furthermore, it will also explore

Evaluate the Contribution of ‘Attribution Theories’ and...

Evaluate the contribution of ‘attribution theories’ and related research in helping us to understand the way in which people perceive and explain their social environment. The key concepts behind the idea of attribution theories is to question what was the cause why you chose it and what information led you there. [1]Heider in his description tells us that we make judgements based on either internal/disposition causes, which are responsible for the motivating behaviour located in the persons personality or his apparent mood or on external situational causes which are caused by the environment. External attribution tells how the person acts in a situation outside the persons control whereas internal attribution is telling us†¦show more content†¦In the controlled condition identifications of behaviour was based on the actual conversations rather than the recordings. [20]The statistical analysis showed that actors tended to favour situational explanations of their behaviour and observers to favour dispositional explanations. This provides evidence for fundamental attribution error. Storms found the actors when in controlled situations moved more towards the observers identification than their own, demonstrating the actor/observer affect. [21]Thus Storms experiment supports both a perceptual explanation of FAE and AOE. This is evident because the change in the perceptual perspective led to a change in casual explanations. Other explanations of ‘Bias’ is that people tend to ignore certain information, known as [22]‘perceptual salience’. [23]For the actor the situation is seen as perceptual salience thus he or she sees’s causes of their behaviour in the situation rather than being internal. Another explanation is that of ‘self serving bias’, people identify problems they have been having due to external causes and therefore not their fault whereas their successes are attributed to internal causes. [24]There is an empirical description of this tendency in Lau and Russell’s ‘attribution in the sports pages’. [25]This stimulus is taken from media r eports rather than construction vignettes. The data collected was qualitative using relative themes in newspaper articles. [26]This method became known asShow MoreRelatedHow Social Schemas Theory and Related Research Contributes to Our Understanding of the Way in Which People Evaluate and React in Their Social Environment1525 Words   |  7 PagesHow social schemas theory and related research contributes to our understanding of the way in which people evaluate and react in their social environment Cognitive representations of social situations are referred to as schemas. These are mental structures, active in our brain, providing us with a knowledge store which determines how we view our social surroundings. These schemas are built from organised pre-registered data which determine our reactions to, and perceptions of, everyday lifeRead MoreUnderstanding the People Who Work at and Patronize Build-a-Bear Workshop8790 Words   |  36 Pages3 PERSONALITY, PERCEPTION, and ATTRIBUTION Chapter Scan This chapter begins a two-chapter segment examining individual differences. Much of this chapter is related to interactional psychology and the advances made regarding personality and behavior in specific situations. Personality characteristics discussed include locus of control, self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-monitoring, and positive/negative affect. Personality theories explained include trait theory and the integrative approach. TheRead MoreOrganizational Behavior, the Modele, Elements, Challenges.6128 Words   |  25 Pages3. Explain the key biographical characteristics and describe how they are relevant to OB 4. What are the main levels of diversity and how it can be managed in the real organization? 5. What are the main components of â€Å"Attitudes†? Are these components related or unrelated? Use two examples for each component. 6. What are the basic similarities and differences between Emotions and Moods? What are the basic Emotions and basic Moods dimensions? 7. Explain howRead MorePsychosocial Factors as Determinants of Students’ Achievement in Senior Secondary School Mathematics12067 Words   |  49 PagesStatement of the Problem 7 1.3 Research Questions 7 1.4 Purpose of the Study 8 1.5 Significance of the Study 8 1.6 Scope of the Study 9 1.7 Definition of Terms 9 CHAPTER TWO 11 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2Theoretical Review 11 2.2.1 Self-concept and Human Learning 11 2.2.2 The Achievement theory of Motivation 15 2.2.3 Study Habit and Performance in Mathematics 17 2.2.4 Locus of control 18 2.2.5 Piaget Numerical Ability Theory 20 2.3 Empirical Review 21 2Read MoreOb Practices at Chaudhary Group in Nepal13261 Words   |  54 PagesHouse, Sanepa Abstract This paper documents Organization Behavior Best Practices specific to Chaudhary Group. The paper is the culmination of research efforts [between March †¦.. to March 14, 2008] performed by MBAe 2nd Semester students of Ace Institute of Management as part of their academic pursuits in Organization Behavior. The research team gathered information through an extensive interview process that involved Management professionals from Chaudhary Group within the Human ResourceRead MoreJean Piaget Cognitive Development10144 Words   |  41 Pagesinterest in the kind of behaviorism he espoused has waned; and though many of Freud’s contributions still influence the theory and practice of psychology, many of his major ideas have been duly rejected by his successors. Of these three psychologists, Piaget’s ideas have probably fared the best over the years: they continue to influence research and theory in child development, and with some minor exceptions, his theories have stood the crucial test of time as well as any major theorist in psychology.Read MoreConflict Management and Emotional Intelligence63003 Words   |  253 Pagesof  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Business  Administration               Prepared  By   Leung  Yu  Fai   University  Number  21376627   March 2009       Abstract   The   objectives   of   this   research   are   to   investigate   the   reasons   for   conflicts   in   the   customer   service   industry,   to   examine   strategies   for   conflict   management   which   can   be   used   to   help   resolve   these   conflicts,   to   examine   the   relationship   of   these   strategies   with   the   concept   of   emotional   intelligence,   and   to   improve  Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesFoundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 ManagementRead MoreCsr Communication in the Pharma Industry35538 Words   |  143 Pages4 Scientific paradigm: hermeneutics Qualitative research approach Theoretical framework Analysis of websites 1.4.4.1 Selection criteria 1.4.4.2 Data collection 1.5 Structure 2. Theoretical framework 2.1. Corporate Communication 2.1.1. Defining Corporate Communication 2.1.2. Core concepts of corporate communication 2.1.3. Organization and functions of corporate communication 2.1.4. Corporate Communication as a management function 2.2. Corporate Social Responsibility 2.2.1. Towards a definition of CSRRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work

The Role Of Competition Law And Its Effects On The Local...

My interest in this paper is to consider a complex network prospective; the application of Competition Law, and more specifically related to its effects on monopolistic competition, and its effects on the local market and South African economy as a whole. South Africa (SA) was distant from many other major markets and production centers. This made it complex for international trade to compensate for these conditions, even though trade has expanded since 1994, mainly with the European (EU) and the United States (US). Tariff levels have declined on average, but anti-dumping duties protect key industries such as steel, where the state has long had an interest and an exclusive export agent can prevent arbitrage between export and local markets. SA’s history of import substitution and the attendant habits of business practice and government policy favored local insiders thus challenging other market entrants. This encouraged the new SA government to review the SA competition law regime in the White Paper on Reconstruction and Development in 1994. The need for a new competition policy in SA was because of excessive economic concentration and ownership, collusive practices by enterprises and the abuse of economic power by firms in dom inant positions. A need for further transition emanated from the effects of globalization and trade liberalization and the need to redress past inequality and non-participation in the national economy. Thus fundamental principle of competition policyShow MoreRelatedCollaboration of Buying Suppliers in South African Automotive Industry636 Words   |  2 Pagesindustry in South Africa is a present issue that needs to be considered, (Naude Weiss, 2011). The OEMs in South Africa are BMW (3 series), Ford (Ranger pickup from 2011), GM (Corsa pickup, Isuzu pickup), Mercedez Benz (C-Class), Nissan/Renault (various sedans and pickups), Toyota (Corolla 4-door and Hilux pickup), Volkswagen (new and old Polo), (Pitot, 2010). Government persuade and pressurize automotive assemblers to increase local content but the reality of the situation is that there local manufacturersRead MoreThe Impact of the Changing Political and Legal Environment, with the Establishment of the European Union on Trade Between Europe and South Africa2900 Words   |  12 PagesON TRADE BETWEEN EUROPE AND SOUTH AFRICA. by LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT ITEM CODE: ONB 10X8 LECTURER: ABSTRACT The establishment of the European Union influenced trade between the former common market (European Economic Community) and South Africa. This changing political and legal environment enhanced opportunities for trade and logistics activity in South Africa. There are also possible future trade and logistics activity threats and solution between South Africa and Europe. The removalRead MoreIndia s Political And Economic Environment3475 Words   |  14 Pages1. Introduction India and South Africa are members of the five major emerging economies. They are both developing countries however, they are well distinguished for their large democracy, fast-growing economies and significant influence on regional and global affairs. This report aims to comparatively analyse whether India or South Africa is in a better position to succeed in the global economy. For the purposes of this report, I will be comparing and analysing each country’s political and economicRead MoreThe case analysis:Bata Shoe3560 Words   |  15 Pagesautonomy in managing relations with their respective government. For example, although Bata prefers not to export production, in the countries where the governments does not like it only imports raw materials but does not export, Bata adjusts to the local laws. Since important issues will vary from country to country, Bata must allow subsidiaries to identify the appropriate issues (step one of political strategy formulation) themselves . The strategies that are formulated to deal with those issues areRead MoreSab Miller Corporate Strategy4168 Words   |  17 PagesQuestion 1: Critically analyze SAB’s Globalization Strategy in the food and beverage industry. Support your presentation with relevant theories and/or models. Introduction South African Breweries (SAB) is one of South Africa’s largest Multi-National Enterprises (MNE). From their humble beginnings in 1883 they have grown to a Global Market leader in the food and beverage industry. The success SAB earned has been in part to the core values they have displayed through their business activities. These include:Read MoreBy Outlining the Current Global Political Economy, Discuss to What Extent the Current Global Political Economy Undermines National Development in the South.4509 Words   |  19 PagesPOLITICAL ECONOMY 06 IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON THE NATIONAL DEVELOPEMENT IN THE SOUTH 07 †¢ IMPERIALISM AND GLOBALIZATION 08 †¢ SOCIAL AND CULTURAL IMPACT 07 †¢ POLITICAL AND ECONOMICAL IMPACT 07 CONCLUSION 09 BIBLIOGRAPHY 10 EXPLANATION AND DEFINITION OF TERMS Political Economy Political economy originally was the term for studying production, buying, and selling, and their relations with law, customRead MoreGlobalization and its effect on the South African economy and the JSE securities exchange9415 Words   |  38 PagesGlobalization refers to the shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy. [Hill, 2003: pg6] South Africa provides a unique opportunity to observe the effects of globalization in that the pre democratic period was a period of very little globalization, which can be contrasted with the democratic period which has been characterised by rapid globalization. This sharp contrast emphasises the effects that globalization has on a country. The essay is a longitudinal study that seeksRead More Brazil and Privatization Essay4016 Words   |  17 Pages The earliest inhabitants of Brazil were the Indians. However, the country’s recorded history begins with the arrival of the Portuguese in 1500. The Portuguese sailor Pedro Alvares Cabral visited the continent we call South America, eight years after Columbus arrived in America. Portuguese settlers followed, calling the new colony Brazil, after the brazilwood tree that they extracted red dye from. The Portuguese did not bring prosperity and progress to the Indians. InsteadRead MoreWhat ´s Occupational Environment?2392 Words   |  10 Pagesenvironment can be seen as social relationships, immediate physical surroundings and cultural setting in which groups of people function and interact. It includes the industrial and occupational structure, the social and economic processes and labour markets among others. Social environments also include the social, historical and power relations that have become institutionalized over time. Social environments are dynamic and change over time as the result of both internal and external forces. ( BarnettRead MoreEconomics Globalisation Essay3737 Words   |  15 PagesPage 5: Causes of Globalisation Page 6: Consequences of Globalisation Page 7: Consequences of Globalisation cont. Page 8: Impact of Globalisation on the Economy Page 9: Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalisation Page 10: Conclusion Page 11: Bibliography Introduction: Globalisation includes trade between countries, which creates capital markets (including developing countries). Tourism and migration also increased in some places with new technologies linking all areas of the world. Globalisation

Ford And The United Kingdom - 1176 Words

Ford and the UNITED KINGDOM For over 100 years, The Ford Motor Company is one of the true American Companies that has an outreach that spans the globe. Not only did Ford make an affordable and some will say desirable automobiles in America, but the company changed the mindset of how a car can not only be affordable and look good he made them reliable in the UNITED KINGDOM. As of 2013, Ford had two of the three most used cars in the United Kingdom, outselling European Companies Vauxhall, Alfa Romeo and Citroen. I will discuss the early stages of Ford and how tractors being made by a Ford Company Fordson creating an outlet later for Ford to start building and selling cars in the UNITED KINGDOM. I will talk about how before the Ford Focus ruled the UNITED KINGDOM. Roads it was the UNITED KINGDOM. version of the Ford Taurus, the Mondeo that made them extremely popular. Finally, I will discuss how without the popularity in the UNITED KINGDOM. Ford would not have been able to acquire a percentage of what many consid er the peak of beauty and mechanical ingenuity for the UNITED KINGDOM. Aston Martin. Initially the first vehicle plants that Ford created overseas were in the UNITED KINGDOM. They were not for cars, they were for tractors Fordson Tractors to be exact and the big seller was the Model F the UNITED KINGDOM. continued to make the Model F until 1964. Now lets go back to 1903 when Ford was created with just 12 Investors and 1000 shares of stock. After some friction withShow MoreRelatedGeography of the Big Mac1384 Words   |  6 Pagesland and sea. There are many different factors for why this happens. The three main reasons for why this occurs are due to geography, weber’s model, and development. Geography plays a big role in where things grow for instance if one looks at the United States corn grows better in the Midwest. This then affects what farmers will grow in a certain climate, because they need to meet the needs of the plant they are growing. This pattern is seen in Europe with the ingredients needed to make a big macRead MoreAnalysis and Discussion of the Representation of Women in the Welsh Novel of The Mabinogion1712 Words   |  7 Pagesto marry anything he requests. Rhiannon immediately judges his actions ‘Never has a man been more stupid than you have been’ (Davies 2007: 12). This characterization of Rhiannon is strong and sure; she is assertive and dominant, often domineering. (Ford 2008: p.36-37). Rhiannon’s speech here displays her as a wise and learned individual. She is easily a match for Pwyll, and has been described by McKenna (2006:1622) as a catalyst in Pwyll’s development as a competent ruler. This can be further seenRead MoreThe Effects Of Concussion Within Ks3 Rugby And Discuss The Signs And Symptoms It Has On Young Athletes Essay1037 Words   |  5 Pagesfor children (BNFC) 2016-2017. London, United Kingdom: Pharmaceutical Press. Committee, S.-R.C., Families, R.G., Rivara, F.P., Ford, M.A., Spicer, C.M., Medicine, I. of, Committee on Sports-Related Concussions in Youth and Board on Children, Youth, and Families (2014a) Sports-related concussions in youth: Improving the science, changing the culture. Washington, DC, United States: National Academies Press. Committee, S.-R.C., Families, R.G., Rivara, F.P., Ford, M.A., Spicer, C.M., Medicine, I. of,Read MoreThe Ford Motor Company : A Long Term Rating1032 Words   |  5 PagesThe Ford Motor Company was founded in 1903 by Henry Ford and it is currently located in Dearborn, Michigan. Ford is in the auto making industry producing affordable cars under the brand of Ford, and luxury cars under the brand of Lincoln. Ford has a long term rating of Baa3 by Moody’s, meaning that it barely met the standard of being an investment grade and is subject to moderate credit risk. Almost all the Ford Bonds in Pimco’s portfolio have the time to maturity and duration. HBOS plc providesRead MoreCase Study : Ford Truck Marketing Strategy1650 Words   |  7 PagesF150 Ford Truck Marketing Strategy Rugged, stylish, comfortable, economic, and most of all, dependable. The Ford F-150 is the pickup truck that changed the nation. From its very beginning, the Ford truck has taken care of its owner’s necessities from hauling hay to visiting family and friends. Since its inception, the Ford Motor Company (FMC) has earned the loyalty of its customers. Most of all, the ford pickup truck has earned the respect of farmers, families, and businessmen alike. How did theRead MoreToyotas Business Environment1315 Words   |  6 Pageswithin 70 years to become the leading far eastern and world’s 2nd largest car manufacturer. Toyota a global business, building vehicles in factories on six continents around the world and employing more than a quarter of a million people. The United Kingdom is a key market for Toyota both in terms of sales and manufacturing, building two production centres. Toyota’s automotive business, including sales finance, accounts for more than 90% of the company’s total sales. Toyota totalled 8.81 millionRead MoreAbstract to Tata Motors1192 Words   |  5 PagesMotors has auto manufacturing and assembly plants in Jamshedpur, Pantnagar, Lucknow, Sanand, Dharwad and Pune in India, as well as in Argentina, South Africa, Thailand and the United Kingdom. It has research and development centres in Pune, Jamshedpur, Lucknow and Dharwad, India, and in South Korea, Spain, and the United Kingdom. It has a bus manufacturing joint venture with Marcopolo S.A.,a construction equipment manufacturing joint venture with Hitachi and a joint venture with Fiat in India. FoundedRead MoreSwot of Gm1431 Words   |  6 Pages31 countries, and sell and service these vehicles through the following brands: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, FAW, GMC, Daewoo, Holden, Jiefang, Opel, Vauxhall and Wuling. GM s largest national market is China, followed by the United States, Brazil, Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Italy. (About GM: General Motors Company, Company Profile , 2010) In this paper I will provide an analysis about General Motors (G.M.’s) strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (S.W.O.T) and a brief historyRead MoreEssay on Introduction to Industrial Engineering643 Words   |  3 Pagesengineering naturally evolved into the idea of teaching the concepts as curriculum. Industrial engineering courses were taught by multiple universities in Europe at the end of the 19th century, including in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Spain.[1] In the United States, the first department of industrial and manufacturing engineering was established in 1909 at the Pennsylvania State University. The first doctoral degree in industrial engineering was awarded in the 1930s by Cornell UniversityRead MoreWhat Is The Post War Era Of Cars1319 Words   |  6 Pagesride. Also, â€Å"the 1960s saw the American automobile industry consolidating into the Big Three: General Motors, Ford, and chrysler. These firms not only dominated the domestic market with the sales of the 1960s cars, but the global market as well.† (An account on 1960;s car development). Once the war ended the american market split into the big three which at the time were GM, AMC, and Ford. All three had smaller sub companies that also provided a steady source of income. The dominated the US m arket

Othello †Iago Character Analysis Free Essays

Iago, in Shakespeare’s Othello, is a deceiving character because he tells lies in order to get what he wants. He interacts with people only to manipulate them, but most importantly he never reveals his true feelings or motives. Iago might say things that suggest what his motive is, but he soon contradicts himself with another suggestion making it extremely difficult to understand him. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello – Iago Character Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although Iago’s true motives cannot be determined, some motives could be jealousy, the enjoyment of seeing people suffer, or power. Iago’s jealous of Othello and Cassio because he thinks that both of them slept with his wife, Emilia. In Iago’s first soliloquy at the end of act 1, Iago says that Othello might have slept with his wife and even though this is a rumor, he says that he will believe it. Then in his second soliloquy at the end of act 2, scene 1, Iago reiterates and once again says that Othello slept with his wife, the only difference is that now he thinks Cassio has slept with his wife too because he believes that Cassio is a â€Å"proper man† and a playboy. So, this seems to be a driving force for Iago to ruin Othello and Cassio. Iago’s jealousy towards Othello quickly turns into a jealousy toward Cassio too because Othello appointed Cassio as lieutenant instead of Iago. Iago believes that he should be lieutenant because he has fought by Othello’s side in battles and because he has actual war experience, whereas Cassio learned all of his tactics from books. So, he is jealous because he didn’t get the job, but he is angry because he thinks that Othello made Cassio his lieutenant because Cassio helped Othello marry Desdemona. Iago doesn’t know anything about proportion, meaning that if he has been wronged he will bring justice to himself by giving the culprit a punishment that doesn’t match the crime. In this case, Iago wasn’t appointed as lieutenant; therefore, he wants to torture Othello and Cassio mentally and then kill them. This could be the result of his hatred and jealousy. Another motive that might cause Iago’s behavior is that he is a sadist; he just likes to enjoy watching other people suffer. Iago is a very clever person and he enjoys seeing how idiots make fools of themselves. One of these idiots is Iago’s â€Å"buddy,† Roderigo. Roderigo is a typical wealthy, Venetian aristocrat who is madly in love with Desdemona and he has given Iago the task of helping him woo her. Iago uses this to his advantage, even though Iago uses Roderigo to ruin Cassio and Othello, he gets some amusement by watching Roderigo prance around and go nuts over Desdemona. Iago also finds it funny when Roderigo wants to go kill himself after he finds out that Desdemona married Othello. There are multiple times throughout the play where Roderigo should have known that Iago was just using him for money and some laughs and since Roderigo doesn’t pick up on this, Iago can use Roderigo to his advantage. Power is probably the most important motive. Iago is very conniving and clever and he can use this to manipulate people. It is clearly seen that Iago thrives for power because he loves manipulating people so that they doe exactly what he says. He does this to Roderigo many times, like when Iago tells Roderigo to give him all of his money and when he convinces Roderigo to kill Cassio. He even controls Othello to the point that Othello suspects his wife and decides to kill her. Iago’s thirst for power is also seen when Cassio is appointed to be Othello’s lieutenant because this was, supposedly, the basis for his revenge. He really wanted to be lieutenant because it is a very high position and with it comes a lot of power and Iago proves that he would do anything to get that sort of power. Therefore, one of Iago’s motives could be that he has a tremendous thirst for power. In conclusion, many believe that Iago is just a psychopath, which is true to some extent; however, he is also very smart and clever. If he wasn’t clever he would not be able to carry out his revenge because he wouldn’t be able to manipulate anyone. The probable motives – power, sadism, jealousy and anger are some reasons for why Iago is psychotic, but it is nearly impossible to figure out his true motives from the text. Even though this may be true, Iago does suggest these motives and all of them are supported by the text, but even this could be one of Iago’s ploys because nobody can truly understand Iago. How to cite Othello – Iago Character Analysis, Essay examples

Biocentric Ethics Analysis free essay sample

Inherent and intrinsic value both refer to the value that is within the item or organism, it has value in and of itself; the value within the item or organism is â€Å"independent of the interests, needs, or uses of anyone else† (DesJardins, 2013, p. 113). Inherent value refers to the value that is found or recognized within the item or organism; whether spiritual, moral, aesthetic, symbolic, or it is of cultural importance. An organism or an item that has inherent or intrinsic value offers something of value other than as an instrument; for example, relationships with friends and family, the Bald Eagle as the official bird of the United States has inherent value for its great strength, majestic beauty, and long life. Within each item or organism the value stems from when it means or stands for, as opposed to what it is not or how it is used. Life itself, whether a microscopic organism, animal, insect, or plant all have inherent and intrinsic value; simply because it exists. Scientists have tampered been tampering with the basic genetics of food for many years, cross-breeding, taking the most desirable of traits and merging them together, creating a new flavor or breed; for example, the Gala apple is a combination of the Golden Delicious apple and the Kid’s Orange-Red apple. This combining of traits has traditionally been used to combine same species; however, with the advances in biotechnology, scientists are able to engineer different species so that they can share the same genetic material. The process of sharing the same genetic material within different organisms creates a â€Å"genetically modified organism† or GMO; this is commonly done within the food industry, creating seeds and plants that are resistant to pesticides, certain insects, and enable to plant to grow in unfavorable conditions. Currently, within the United States, â€Å" 40% of the corn, 50% of the cotton and 45% of soybean acres planted in 1999 have been genetically modified, and at least 60% of food products in US supermarkets contain genetically modified organisms (GMOs)† (Trends, 2002, p. 215). The positive aspects of GMOs is that it allows plants to be grown in environments that may not normally allow for the plant to grow. Food is less expensive as farming of the crop is easier; this beneficial on both a local and global scale. Furthermore, GMOs have been developed to add greater nutrition to the organism. The downside or concerns about GMOs is that there have been no studies that have tracked the long-term effects that GMOs may have on human consumption. Researchers concerns include health risks such as; antibiotic resistance, exposure to allergens, reproductive disorders, endocrine disruption, and accelerated aging. The FDS does not view or treat GMOs any differently than traditionally grown crops; companies that use GMOs may choose to voluntarily go there a safety consultation without any additional testing required (Kantor, 2013). The scientists behind GMOs believe that it is important to provide â€Å"food security†. Food security is about having sufficient physical, social, and economic access to safe, nutritious, and culturally acceptable food at the household level, without having to resort to emergency supplies† (Witcombe and Sanchez, 2004, p. 300). In countries such parts of Eastern and Central Africa the African cassava mosaic virus is transmitted by the whiteflies that feed on the cassava plants. Epidemics of the virus can lead to total loss of harvests. Through the use of GMOs, a cassava plant can be developed that are able to resist the virus. Currently the only way to curb the virus is through the use of insecticide, which kills the whiteflies; such treatment can be expensive and a health hazard to the farmer, and the surrounding plants and animals. Possible challenges with the use of GMOs is the question of the emphasis on noninterference by humans; to interfere with nature or to let nature take its course. There is no simple answer as to whether humans should interfere with nature. Humans have been interfering with nature since the dawn of time; cutting down trees and clearing land, damming rivers, crossbreeding animals and plants, along with immunizations and medications. The use of GMOs to create a secure food supply may initially pose some risks to humans, animals, and plants but, as with all progress, eventually the process will be perfected and the world may reap the reward of the technology. Another question is whether inherent value is only within the individual organism and the question of whether humans have a duty to the ecosystem, nonliving objects, and all species. Humans have yet to learn the valuable lesson that what affects one organism affects the entire ecosystem. Introduce an organism into an ecosystem to which it does not belong and the entire ecosystem is disrupted; such as the zebra mussel into the Great Lakes, the native clams have been almost eradicated. Whether society accepts or likes the idea of its food being altered by biochemistry, there may be no choice in the matter; GMO altered food is here to stay and it is only spreading. Those members of society who do not wish to partake of food enhanced by GMOs will need to pay the price that comes with organic foods free of GMOs. The lasting effects of GMO grown foods is yet to be clearly defined and society may not know for several generations; by then it may be too late to reverse the effects. Companies, like Monsanto, have been accused of playing God; but the reality is that man has been playing God long before Monsanto entered the picture. Man has been playing God within the medical arena for ages, through the invention of airplanes that took man into the skies, and rockets into space with each step those who did not understand the vision laughed and stated it was outrageous; genetically modified organisms is just another step toward human advancement that society will eventually understand and accept.

The Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage

Relationships between sexes have been traditionally streamlined into the heterosexual standards of behavior. Marriage, as a union of two people before the law and the church, is mostly perceived as such comprising representatives of different sexes, a man and a woman.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, apart from heterosexual couples, there also emerge occurrences when two people of the same sex desire to form a matrimonial unit. In such cases, the term of same-sex marriage or gay marriage is applied whenever such union is officially recognized by the legal system of a country. The attitude to gay marriage has differed throughout the existence of humankind, varying from approval to indifference to persecution. After a historical wave of human rights movement, modern society appears to be reconsidering its attitude to gay marriage on the whol e, and a number of countries have already accepted gay marriage as legal. Despite this change, the opposition between the proponents and the opponents of gay marriage remains tense, nurtured by a wide range of mutually exclusive arguments for and against gay marriage. The first argument typically used to defend gay marriage in public opinion is the populist slogan of human rights movement that every person, irrespective of sexual background, has the right to love and family life. Indeed, by denying marriage among representatives of the same sex, the principle of majority rule, minority right is violated (Messerli). If homosexually oriented people are viewed as a minority, then it appears that denying marriage to them is similar to denying marriage to people of non-Caucasus race, etc. In fact, such prohibition of gay marriage appears nothing less than mere discrimination, a phenomenon that modern society is trying to eradicate by all means. Counteracting the argument that prohibition of gay marriage appears similar to discrimination is the idea that marriage, in the traditional understanding of the word, is the union of necessarily different sexes, a man and a woman. The main function of a traditional heterosexual marriage is viewed in producing children of their own, a function that a same-sex marriage cannot physically perform. Adopting children or getting offspring via artificial fertilization (in couples consisting of homosexual females) cannot be viewed as reproduction proper since either both or one of the partners are not directly involved in the process of conception and childbearing. Therefore, due to the inability to perform the basic function of the family, gay marriage can hardly be recognized as marriage proper.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another argument in defense of gay marriage is viewed by some of its proponents in the fact that the p ractice of adopting children by gay couples promotes adoption rates and benefits the situation with parentless children. The more gay couples are legally married, the more chances there are that they will be officially allowed to adopt and raise children (Messerli). Considering that the numbers of parentless children in the world is overflowing, gay marriages could be a beneficial solution to this problem. In addition, gay marriage would promote the sense of family among the homosexual couples and make this sense complete with adopting a child. Opponents of same-sex marriages arduously refute the argument of the beneficial effects of child adoptions by gay couples. For one thing, the standard type of family accepted in a traditional society and still dominating in modern world is a family where one of the parents is a man (or a father) and the other parent is a woman (or a mother). In case with gay marriages, this balance of sexes would be impossible to maintain, and therefore the c hild may get confused about his or her family composition. In its turn, this may lead to misunderstanding of masculine and feminine roles and messy behavior with lack of own definition. For another thing, parent-child relations in a gay marriage are quite obscure. It is a widely known fact that many people who grew up homosexual used to be sexually abused in their childhood. This closed circle may engross the adopted children into unwanted sexual practices that would streamline their life in a direction undesired by them. A legal case in support of same-sex marriage is the idea that marriage as a social institution is readily recognized by the general public. Having concluded a legal marriage, a homosexual couple can enjoy the same citizen and family rights as traditional heterosexual couples. Moreover, being officially registered as spouses brings homosexual more understanding in daily situations. In an interview to the Bay Area Reporter, policy director for Marriage Equality USA P amela Brown states that â€Å"No one questions your spouse in the hospital if you’re married; but in a domestic partnership, you’d better bring your paperwork† (Laird). Community welcomes legalized marriage and demonstrates more tolerance if a homosexual couple is joined by official conjugal ties.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite the arduous support of institution of marriage on the example of gay marriages, there exist certain dangers connected with accepting same-sex marriages as legal. The basis of social respect for the institution of marriage lies in the uniqueness of the union between the man and the woman, since they are the only couple between sexes able to procreate (Messerli). The traditional understanding of family as a husband, wife, and children has been the sacred notion that has helped people survive thr ough most dreadful challenges. The dream of true family has led soldiers to fight for their motherland, and the vision of homely comfort and cozy family hearth is the one that helped survive economic depressions. If this standard of family is changed, the consequences might be drastic. Expanding the borders of marriage to the point where they are blurred is threatening the stability of the institute of marriage. People will then be tempted to claim that any union be called a marriage, be it a union of one men with ten wives or a couple of blood relatives. Therefore, the borders of marriage should be kept inviolable, otherwise the whole institute can collapse. Last but not least, the most stable basis for decision on legality or illegality of gay marriage should be the Scripture that has served as a guideline for moral standards for thousands of generations. However artfully it might be misrepresented by wishful interpreters, the Bible clearly states the standards of sexual behavior since the very first days of existence: a couple is heterosexual, â€Å"male to female, joined as God intended them to be† (ProCon.org). This absolute truth should be taken as a model on which the whole institute of marriage is based. Any other digressions and variations can only be viewed as transient and therefore cannot be accepted as a standard, since they violate the ultimate dispensation granted to humankind. Works Cited Laird, Cynthia. â€Å"Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage Debated.† The Bay Area Reporter Online. 2 Aug. 2007. Web. Messerli, Joe. â€Å"Should Same-Sex Marriages be Legalized?† BalancedPolitics.org. 24 May 2009. 21 Jul. 2010. Web. https://www.balancedpolitics.org/same_sex_marriages.htm.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More ProCon.org. â€Å"Top 10 Pros and Cons: Is Sexual Orientation Determined at Birth?† BornGay.ProCon.org. 6 May 2009. 21 Jul.2010. Web. https://borngay.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=000005. This essay on The Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage was written and submitted by user Derek Hawkins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Training and Development Essay Example

Training and Development Essay Example Training and Development Essay Training and Development Essay PART– A 1. Explain the difference between training and development. 2. How are training needs of an organization assessed? 3. What are the broad responsibilities of a trainer in a training programme? 4. What are the responsibilities of the management of an organization with respect to implementation of training programmes? 5. Write a brief note on recent trends in training. PART– B 1. Why is it necessary to evaluate training processes and activities? 2. Discuss the effectiveness of role playing as a training method. 3. What would be the training scheme for skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers? 4. What problems can an organization face if its training objectives have not been properly evaluated? 5. Write short notes on: a. Mentoring b. Counselling c. E-Learning PART – C 1. What factors does a training and development budget depend upon? 2. What are MDPs? Why they are required? 3. How should the personnel of an organization be trained in the event of market changes? 4. Discuss case study as a training method. 5. Write a note on Corporate University Model. CASE STUDY-1 IS RAJAT IN NEEDS OF REMEDIAL TRAINING? Rajat Sharma has been employed for six months in the accounts section of a large manufacturing company in Faridabad. You have been his supervisor for the past three months. Recently you have been asked by the management to find out the contributions of each employee in the Accounts Section and monitor carefully whether they are meeting the standards set by you. A few days back you have completed your formal investigation and with the exception of Rajat, all seem to be meeting the targets set by you. Along with numerous errors, Rajat’s work is characterized by low performance – often he does 20 percent less than the other clerks in the department. As you look into Rajat’s performance review sheets again, you begin to wonder whether some sort of remedial training is needed for people like him. Questions 1. As Rajat’s supervisor can you find out whether the poor performance is due to poor training or to some other cause? 2. If you find Rajat has been inadequately trained, how do you go about introducing a remedial training programme? . If he has been with the company six months, what kind of remedial programme would be best? 4. Should you supervise him more closely? Can you do this without making it obvious to him and his co-workers? 5. Should you discuss the situation with Rajat? CASE STUDY-2 One Monday morning Sanjay Nagpal, a recent recruit from a reputed management institute in Manipal walked into the sales office at Chennai as a new sales trainee. R aghavan, the Zonal Sales Manager for a large computer hardware firm was there to greet him. Raghavan’s job consisted of overseeing the work of sales officer, field executives and trainee salesmen numbering over 50 of three areas namely Chennai, Bangalore, and Trivendrum. The sales growth of computers, parts and other office equipment in his area was highly satisfactory, especially in recent years – thanks to the developmental initiatives taken by respective State Governments in spreading computer education in offices, schools, colleges, banks and other institutions. Raghavan had collected several sales reports, catalogues and pamphlets describing in detail the types of office equipment sold by the company. After a pleasant chat about their backgrounds, Raghavan gave Sanjay the collected material and showed him to his assigned desk. Thereafter Raghavan excused himself and did not return. Sanjay spent the whole day scanning the material and at 5. 00 pm he picked up his things and went home. 1. What do you think about Raghavan’s training programme? 2. What type of sale training programme would you suggest? 3. What method of training would have been best under the circumstances? Would you consider OJT, simulation or experiential methods?

Womenrsquo;s Rights Essay

Womenrsquo;s Rights Essay Womens Rights Essay Feminism and Womens Rights EssayFeminism emerged at the moment women realized having equal rights to men. The formal acceptance of feminist appeared 200 years ago, approximately at the same time when the bourgeois revolution stated in France and when the American states started their struggle for independence from the British domination. Since that time, more and more women have been fighting for the equality with men.If you have to write womens rights essay, you cannot avoid writing about feminist and gender discrimination. This article will help you in the process of womens rights essay writing. Womens Rights Essay: Discrimination IssueA womens rights essay is focused on gender discrimination. You may talk about any of these topics: Patriarchy and matriarchy: benefits and shortcomings.Is gender discrimination a common problem today? Feministic movements in the United States and in Europe, are there any differences?Womens rights in underdeveloped countriesDomestic violence and w omen as victims of abusive relationshipsWomens right to vote: the insight into the historyWhy the majority of servants are women? Is this a sign of discrimination? Men as the master of women and children: the overview of different opinions.Social position of women in different countriesIslamic feminism: does it exist in any form? How does it differ from traditional movement? Steps for Writing a Womens Rights EssayProblem. Think about the real problem to touch upon in your womens right essay. If there is no problem, there is no point in essay writing. Topic. Based on the chosen problem, you need to define a clear topic for further research and investigation. Topic should be narrow enough. Information. You need to gather supporting evidence for your womens rights essay writing; do not forget to cite data properly and fully. Outline. Outline is the backbone of the whole essay. Each point should be related to the key point. Do not forget about thesis statement. Draft. Draft is the first version of your written essay. You will have to produce several drafts until you come up with the best version. Revising. You need to revise and edit your essay several times until you are fully satisfied with the final written essay. Proper format is a must! Custom Essay Paper Writing ServicesIf you have no time or no desire to work on your womens rights essay, do not panic and do not be upset as there is an effective solution: custom essay paper writing services! We can write you a good essay for you! Moreover, we guarantee original essay writing from scratch! Plagiarism is excluded!

German Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

German - Essay Example France recorded its objection to the relative of King of Prussia, Wilhelm I becoming the King of Spain. Bismarck’s plans to make the French humiliated worked well and to avenge the insult France declared war. Majority of the countries supported Bismarck and dubbed Napoleon III as the aggressor. This war united the German States for a common cause to defeat France. The Germans had the advantage of infrastructure. Mentioning about the industrial mite of Germany Geoffrey Wawro writes, â€Å"France gaped in astonishment. Almost overnight, a rather small and manageable neighbor had become an industrial and military colossus.†(17) They had developed an efficient railway system, felicitating quick transport of men and material and an efficient telegraph system for communications. On August 4, the Prussian army entered the French territory, and in the next four weeks they had won the war. The day was 1st September when Germans Captured Napoleon III and 100,000 of French troops. Soon the siege of Paris commenced. The war came to end with the signing of armistice with Germany on January 28, 1871 and finally the Treaty of Frankfurt in the month of May, the same year. The economic unification of Germany was followed by political unification. France lost both on political and economic fronts. They had to concede a large chunk of their territory Alsace and Lorraine to Germany besides $1,000,000,000 as indemnity payable within three

Perceptions of Childhood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Perceptions of Childhood - Essay Example The unique criteria of modern early years education gives the impression of being built powerfully on insights and practices honed from the legacy of the Montessori system. Toward the end of the 19th century Maria Montessori built on the work of Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard and Edouard Seguine to develop just such an individualized child-centered approach to education (Kramer, R. 1988:60). Maria created a program for young children in the slums of Rome which became known as the Montessori Method. The incisive outlook that Dr. Montessori brought to early childhood education was her conviction that the education of each child must start from inside the inimitable little person, and that the child must be left free to learn for itself by selecting and using resources with the least amount of adult intrusion for as long as the child is absorbed in the work at hand (Kramer, R. 1988:113). Montessori transformed the role of the educator from a simple trainer to an engaged and attentive guide of children's independent development through the promotion of autonomous activities appropriate to the requirements of each child in the secure setting of the classroom. The rudiments of the Montessori Method and variations of Montessori resources are employed broadly today in early childhood programs world-wide (Kramer, R. 1988:16). Montessori passed on enduring insight into and deep appreciation for the natural aptitude latent in every small person when cultivated judiciously. Public schooling in the wake of the Industrial Revolution centered on passive models for children's learning: the school as a factory and the child as a blank slate. Children were the raw material to be formed forthwith into productive citizens (Lillard, A.S. 2005:7). In the Italy of Maria Montessori's era the family and its social status was the primary determinant of a child's education and profession. The prospects for a young girl of that era were even more firmly determined by convention. A married woman, as wife and mother, was expected first and foremost to be the underlying nucleus in the Italian family (Gutek, G.L.2004:2). Maria's childhood experience in a local primary school adhered to the established practice of a teacher feeding information to the children through dictation, with the child repeating back material learned by rote memory. Italian primary schools generally included all the subjects, reading, writing, arithmetic, history and geography, in a single book. Generally, the educator required the child to stand at attention and correctly repeat responses tediously committed to memory from the text (Gutek, G.L.2004:3). In spite of Italy's 19th-century gender norms, at the age of thirteen in 1883, Maria Montessori opted to study engineering in a state technical school, though by 1890 she had decided to leave engineering to go into medicine (Kramer, R. 1988:34). Through quite resolute persistence she secured admission to the University of Rome as a student of physics, mathematics, and the natural sciences, and passed her final examination with an outstanding grade of eight out of ten points which made her academically eligible to study to be a

Problems And Opportunities By Transition Towns Movement Politics Essay

Problems And Opportunities By Transition Towns Movement Politics Essay Transition Towns also known as Transition network or Transition Movement is an environmental and social movement founded upon the principles of permaculture initialized by Rob Hopkins in Kinsale (Ireland) and in Totnes in the United kingdom. The Transition Towns network is a fascinating and deeply significant grass roots response to the converging ecological, economic, cultural, developmental and wider geo-political/security crises of the coming century. (Quilley) The aim of the Transition Network is to inspire, encourage, connect, support and train communities to self-organise around the transition model, creating initiatives that rebuild resilience and reduce CO2 emissions. The vision of local resilience and self-reliance emerging from community engagement with sustainability issues lies at the heart of the Transition Towns concept. Their goal is to equip communities for the challenges of climate change and peak oil. The Transition Towns movement is an example of socioeconomic loca lisation where resilience is considered to be the driving force. Resilience refers to the ability of a system, right from an individual to the whole of the economy, to hold together their ability to resist the changes and shocks from outside. The focus here is to minimize the CO2 emissions as a result of resilience building. Peak oil and Climate change also referred to as hydrocarbon twins are the major factors this concept is based on. The major fear is the end of availability of the cheap oil since the oil discovery is believed to have peaked 40 years ago thereby forcing change to the wholly oil dependent society to sustainable ways of living. Out of 94 discovered oil reserves, 68 have already got exhausted and the oil production is believed to have peaked in 2005 i.e. 40 years from the peak in discovery which was in the late 1960s. Also climate change which is the issue of greatest severity has been occurring at a faster rate than what was expected and this can be noticed by stud ying the reports on global warming, green house gas effects and the extent of melting in the Arctic sea of the recent past. The concept of Transition Towns concept was designed as a strategy of helping the small towns move away from fossil fuel dependency. It promotes public participation and citizen action within the context of a sustainable and self-sufficient community where local forums are created for the citizens to get together and decide on ways to develop low-carbon energy resources or in other words to discuss on better to survival prospects in a post peak-oil world. Planning for a future with economic disruption, dramatically lower energy consumption, and climate instability, the Transition Town movement encourages re-localization of decision making and seeks to unleash the collective genius of our communities to create networks of mutual support. The Transition Towns network is a grass roots response to the climatic and resource crisis of the near future. This concept focuses on planned relocalisation which in turn includes: local resilience, carbon reduction, decentralised energy infrastructu re, re-skilling, localised food, energy descent plans, local medicinal capacity and local currencies. The Transition town movement is considered to be a social innovation where climate change is its major challenge. The ESRC (Economic and Social Research Council) after investigations has made the social and economc aspects of climate change a priority for its research funding. The maintenance of social justice, opportunities for the fulfilment of livelihoods within the local economics and the role played by the culture and the creative classes as the new drivers of growth will all be the social issues caused due to the increase in the fuel prices and the downfall of the economy ultimately caused by the latter. The Transition Town movement is a social innovation that can be viewed as a radical response to the need for a different way of life post peak-oil and post climate change. It is focussed on reducing the carbon emissions to control climate change and to control peak-oil crisis which suggests that it has an ideology which is an alternative way of organizing the economy. The Transition Town movement has spread rhizomically from Totnes to 134 other places all around the world. Also according to an article The two limits debates: Limits to Growth and climate change, the real solution for the problem of climate change should include the reorientation of public values away from consumption and must emphasize more on sustainable production and resource usage. The Transition Towns movement which is based on community level action and awareness; communication across multiple sectors, community and governmental levels; and local adaptation to environmental changes is one such approach. Indeed these two notions: values reorientation and governmentally provided technological solutions are mutually constitutive. The people have lost their interest in politics and the democratic institutions are in a crisis. Democracy has not been able achieve power for the people in most parts of the world. Democracy basically means political equality i.e. equal rights of participation in the political decisions made by the governments. On the contrary, democracy does not guarantee political equality anymore. In times like this, with people not interested in voting, the concept of Transition Towns gives way to Participatory democracy in which there is a greater involvement of the general public in making political decisions for their prosperity and thereby democracy becomes a reality again. Participation lets people and officials make decisions on how the broad policy commitments can be carried out. The Transition Initiatives can be successful only when there is a bridge between the transition community and the government. For example, when an Energy Descent Plan has been created by a transition network, it will be progressive only if there is a positive and productive relationship with the local authorities of the government. This creates an opportunity for democracy. The Transition movement engages people in a way that even conventional politics are failing to do in the present world and emotions like enthusiasm, idealism and passionate commitment can be observed in the people as a result of this concept. The Transition movement generates local-activism on the issues of peak-oil and climate change which would ultimately force the political intervention in these issues which also shows that the governments are forced to take action concerning the interests of the people which can again be seen enabling the functioning of the democracy. In this concept, transition normally results with the failure of the government and the market in convincingly and effectively not being able to address the issues of peak-oil and climate change. The assumption of the social innovator that he is on his own and that the market has failed to achieve sustainability results in a liberated political action as a need to answer the political problems by the micro-political community processes instead of normal macro-political approach. Although, lobbying and involvement of transitioners in dialogue with the local authorities is not a key aspect of the Transition concept, Penwith transitioners are invite to be a part of their local Sustainable Communities Strategy. The six district councillors in Stroud are huge supporters of the Transition process and also the US peak-oil expert, Richard Heinberg was invited to give a speech in the cabinet which was attended by 450 attendees. All these scenarios take democracy to very new levels encouraging the free will of the common public which is a very good sign for the future in this perspective. According to Deleuzean, micro-politics involve minorities doing something motivated by desire. These actions disrupt the dominant practices showing them c reative solutions. Deleuze argues that, a minor or deviant element is capable of destabilizing the macro socio-economic codes and the actuality here depends on the internal and the external factors of the force relations between those elements that enable and those that restrain the change. The Transition Town movement can therefore be considered to be a tactical approach where resistance is used to achieve democracy but this approach cannot be taken for granted to deliver positive effects always. There have been questions raised on the development of sustainable cities because of the complexity involved in their planning and implementation. It has been observed that sustainability obligations demand not only active involvement of civil society but also leadership from government. As discussed earlier, the Transition Town concept is based on the fact that the idea of sustainability is introduced into their local areas by the communities as a result of their resilience. All the features of insurgent planning can be clearly noticed in the Transition Town concept. Insurgent planning or oppositional planning is a type of planning which challenges the already established structures of power, transgresses time and place through a re-claiming of historical consciousness and imaginesthe concept of a different world as being both possible and necessary. A significant principle that differentiaes the Transition Towns concept from other community-focussed sustainability initiatives such as Local Agenda 21 is that the latter is initiated and driven by the community rather than the government. The way in which the Transition representation has been scattering shows its insurgent nature. The framework of this concept is very easily accessible to any community or individual with interests in sustainable living which ultimately leads to the unstructured spread of the Transition Towns thereby causing varied expressions to meet the local concerns. The problem that arises here is that, different people have different mindsets and when every individual comes up with a different solution for the same concern, it might lead to tension which is a problem for democracy. The insurgent nature of this concept makes it anti-democratic. And also the fact that the transition network has a list of 14 criteria to be fulfilled in order for a community to be considered as a Transition Town or a Transition community raises questions on the very basic principles of the concept. Rob Hopkins states that this concept is not prescriptive but the fulfilment criteria for formalisation are in fact a prescription. Rather than allowing communities to be Transition Towns for the sake of sustainability, this concept seems to be forming Transition Networks which doesnt support the concept of the Transition Town movement as a whole and this is also an emerging problem for democracy as this will have major impacts on the smooth-functioning of the local governments. The Transition Town concept is based more on a survivalist principle which is not very similar to the green activist principles which are more inclined towards the ideologies like democracy, liberalism, global engagement and universalism. (Quilley) The Transition Towns movement can be viewed as a social movement with an eco-authoritarian perspective evolved as a result of the limits to growth and the ecological collapse of modern industrial society ending the liberal democracy in the long run. Questions are also being r aised about resilience on which the Transition Town concept is solely based, whether it is attuned with the features like individualism, liberalism and pluralism and the impacts re-localisation would have on the gender relations which are all again problems in the democratic system. Individualism is not limited in human nature and therefore it raises concerns that the members of the transition communities might get carried away and over-enthusiastic and end up acting against the law which is also not healthy in a democracy. Alex Steffen Transition Towns or Bright Green Cities, argues that even though the Transition town movement has successfully inspired the communities to take action, its places of interest have sadly remained very low. There are also fears that re-localisation and resilience which are the main principles of the Transition Town moment might lead to self-sufficient tribalism which thereby reverses the direction of the civilising processes. According to Quilley, any reduction in the territorial scale of state pacification is believed to cause a decline in the pervasiveness and intensity of relations of the interdependency between individuals and the various groups. This shows that on a long run, the Transition Town concept becomes a very predictable phenomenon in the grounds of the basic principles and goals of democracy being directly or indirectly getting affected by the latter. Reactions have not been entirely positive in Totnes where the Transition town movement was initially started. Many say that this movement was made up of ideas of other people and networks who had already been trying to make Totnes a more sustainable town at that time and this situation raised questions in relation to aspects of the Transition town movement and its impact on communities and also its reputation there were doubts that it was colonizing existing networks. The interesting fact is that this concept cautions against taking a strong political stand on specifi c issues, leaving it partly up to individuals Transition Towns to decide what is applicable in their context. The Transition Network stresses the importance of Transition towns creating and maintaining links to local government but it can be argued that even though it is necessary for the local initiatives to have the support of local government but the basic fact is that the local governments are not bottom-up institutions. They operate within legislative frameworks and receive their funding from central governments and therefore they need to comply with the governing legislation. There is very high scope for the local governments to initially support the Transition communities but later decide on withdrawing the support which might create tension between these communities and the local governments which ultimately leads to political disturbances as a result of the tension created between the public and the local authorities which is again a problem for democracy as a whole. The Transition Town movement is like any other social movement but has been more successful because of the two core drivers it is based on peak-oil and climate change which have got obvious attention from the public. It has had good results in small towns around the world so far but there are doubts about its success more at a national level which still remains a question. As discussed, this concept has been very effective among communities in making them participate in decision making and the organizational aspects for making the Earth a better place to live in. It has succeeded in bringing the people of these communities together to get prepared for the post peak-oil world and also a world affected by climate change. As mentioned by Rob Hopkins, this concept has made the government respond to the actions of the transition communities fulfilling the basic goal of democracy. It has created room for what is known as participatory democracy and therefore it can be clearly said that th is concept has generated opportunities for democracy for sure. This concept also has few areas where more research needs to be done. This concept aims at creating sustainable livelihoods outside the normal economy by self-provisioning and by creating alternative currencies. These ideas when looked at in a broader perspective dont seem practically possible and might also lead to political imbalance. When there is a government in place to administer, the presence of smaller groups having their own networks and currencies make the conditions very critical for the smooth functioning of the government and it seems more like a rebellious or an anti-social group i.e. when it goes out of hand. I also think that this concept cannot be successful in the global South. I strongly believe that there should be official representation in a democracy and networks like the transition town movement should only play a vital role in instigating the governments to take actions on issues of peak-oil and climate change or any other issue for that matter but they should not be forming their own communities and currencies which is against democracy. The freedom can be misused of and this concept might ultimately result in forming groups and networks which might prove unhealthy to the community as a whole with growing self interests of these networks. After all, man is a selfish being!